Are Emotion and Reason Equally Necessary in Justifying Moral Decisions Essay

In analyzing homophile behavior and charitable thought processes it prat be said that effort and feelings be always constitute in each major finis. at that place is no hu gentlemans gentleman being, even the most chastely upright or the most unbiased observer domiciliate make crucial righteous decisions without having to have felt the land of causa and the equally powerful emotions in his capitulum and body. If Emotion and Reason are taken together and if the counselor of this constitution will not be given the freedom to require 1 from the other then the answer to the query is no. at that place is no select to have the combined benefit of emotion and priming to rationalize a moral decision. But if delivered a free present one should insist that Reason is require in apologizeing moral decisions. This paper will look into the implications of victimisation Emotion and Reason in matters regarding moral decisions. This will be done by finding out what is the heart of emotions and reason in the world of epistemology. But even before that in that location is a need to have a review of epistemology the theories on how human beings acquire experience.Background Epistemology is a branch of philosophy that deals with how man attains knowledge. For some(prenominal) the get of knowledge from reading, observing the external environment and by doing experiments deal be taken for granted. But for philosophers it is not simply almost getting data and then having the ability to describe what was observed and inferred afterwards. Philosophers are indomitable that man knows the exact process and if in that respect is none then one should suspect if there is actual learning that occurred after all.With this in mind it is time to introduce two diverging schools of thought when it comes to epistemology and how man provided acquires knowledge. The prototypical group of philosophers believes that human beings can get knowledge using pure reason . It is the use of the rationale mind, to think using logic to deduce and infer from what can be observed. It is easy to say reason notwithstanding it is difficult to explain the actual processes of how man looks at the different pieces of the shake up and then be able to see the whole picture and finds a pattern or connection.Reason is the mans secret weapon corpse and allows him to reign supreme in this planet. There is no other wildcat that can use the harness the awesome power of reason in the same way as a human being. A thoroughly pillow slip is on how man can deduce that certain plants are edible while others are lethal. It is common knowledge that man learns to chance upon between a tasty snack and a vine of poison by observing animals around him. This is probably the same technique use to erupt that the seeds hidden behind the coffee pod are not but edible but also a source of one supernal drink.Without the ability to reason it would have been im realistic for ma n to realize that there is something in that coffee pod after observing the goat or maybe birds taking a liking for the sweet fruit. Another example of reason is in finding a pattern and consistency in natural occurrences such as typhoons, fruiting seasons, gestation period etc. Using reason man was able to build a system where he can begin to tame nature and enjoy her benefits. He can plant and expect harvest. He can build cherish and expect to be protected by an upcoming storm.Man can also reproduce his kind and even multiply his flocks knowing charming well that there are certain laws in nature that he can rely upon and all these are possible by unleashing the power of reason. Diverging Stream Another school of thought when it comes to the acquirement of knowledge is called empiricism. The empiricists believe that it gaining knowledge through reason alone is suspect. They argue that reason can be influenced by umpteen factors and they conclude that biases and prejudices can intermeddle in the process.This is understandable because for thousands of years man has postulated about something and make predictions about the future only to be made a fool at the end. This is because reason has its limits. It is at this point that that man is advised not to skip to conclusions. Empiricists will importune that accurate knowledge is only possible if man avails of his senses. The eyes to use to see and measure the hands used to batch and determine shape the ears to hear and determine sound the nose for determine smells and the tongue for taste.Emotions are feelings and better yet it is a reaction that a person can observe after the body and the mind or the heart is exposed to certain external factors. For example, a mother sees her bollix crying because she had not eaten the whole day. The mother has no money to deal milk and she too begins to cry. Her emotion can be labeled as sadness tells her that her mind and body does not agree to the image that she axiom which is her poor baby experiencing acute hunger. There is another view of emotions which can be very helpful in this study.There are those who assert that emotions are not only act as messengers that tell a person whether something good or bad has occurred but they can be feelings that propels a person to do what is right even when faced with extensive odds. Jaggar remarked that, it is appropriate to feel joy when we are developing or workout our creative powers, and it is appropriate to feel anger and perhaps disgust in those situations where military man are denied their full creativity or freedom (1996, p. 82). A good example of such an occurrence was again given by Jaggar who wrote, Certain emotions may be both morally appropriate and epistemologically expedient in approaching nonhuman and even the inanimate world Jane Goodalls scientific contribution to our understanding of chimpanzee behavior seems to have been made possible only by her amazing empathy with or even recognize for these animals (1996, p. 182).To those who are familiar with Goodalls side will admire her courageousness and determi dry land considering that she had to travel to Africa and be removed from the comforts and security of westward society and be immersed in a hostile environment, not with humans but with wild animals. It is a good instance of how emotions guided soul to do something heroic. It is easy to understand what emotions can do to lift run-of-the-mine humans to strive for things that exceed his grasp. Emotions can fire-up a person and allow him to go where no one has gone before.The history of the United States is glut with examples where tough moral decisions were justified with the cry for freedom and equality. But there is also a counter-argument that emotions are not needed to do justify moral decisions. Reason alone should be enough to move a person to do what is right. This is because emotions can be subjective. And there is no need to furnish volume s of scientific material to prove that point. Emotions can even be counter-productive when used to analyze tough moral decisions as evidenced from the results of a new study published in Newsweek.According to Wray Herbert writing for Newsweek (2008) A large and growing number of psychologists now argue that a mares nest of prejudices are simmering just below the surface of society prejudices against many ethnic groups, against women, gays, the elderly, and outsiders like the homeless and drug addicts. The big question is whether these unconscious(p) animosities are potent enough to actually shape our actions, to make us do things we ourselves find shameful.A new study suggests that, unhappily, the answer is yes. polish The question whether emotion and reason are equally necessary to justify moral decisions is a double-headed query that should have been simplified by separating emotion and reason rephrasing it in two separate questions 1) Is emotion necessary to justify moral dec isions and 2) Is reason necessary to justify moral decisions. If this is possible then the proponent of this study will say no to the first and then say yes to the second question.But since the main topic used the phrase equally necessary then the answer is no heart and soul there is no need to bring both emotion and reason to the process of analysis of the problem and ultimately giving the justification for a moral decision. To clarify what is meant by using emotion in the decision process, one has to revisit the example of Jane Goodall and his work with endangered species, it was her strong feelings of emotions, specifically empathy that allowed her to do so much.Using this understanding of emotion the proponent in time cannot endorse the use of emotion to judge a moral case because even with strong emotions one can still be mistaken. An tenuous example would be the events that transpired in Germany in World War II. The residents of this nation enthusiastically embraced the ide a given by Hitler that Jews deserve nothing but death and suffering.The majority hold or at least the Nazis agreed that this is fact, even truth and they are responsible for the death of 6 zillion Jews. If one will go to Germany today and present the same ideas to present day Germans they will surely not react with the same earnestness as they did in the time of Hitler but they will recoil in horror. This is a clear example of the subjectivity of emotions and therefore not needed to analyze tough moral issues.

Angostura Aromatic Bitters’ marketing plan Essay

1. Executive Summary1.1 compendium of the SituationThe history of angostura bark remindful bitterly approaches the year of 1822, when a cholera epidemic whipped the nation of angostura in Venezuela, when the young heal Johann Gottlieb Benjamin Siegert created a somewhat bitter medicine, quite unusual savour, only when of proven volatilities effectively relieve the stomach of his many patients.This potion was composed of oer 25 botanicals in abundant natural reserves of these tropical lands, including fruits, roots, herbs seeds, bark, and agood amount of brokers whose name and proportion rebriny, even today, in the strictest secrecy. In 1830 a distillery installed and did not train long to become no elude on the continent, winning the gold medal at the World disposition in Vienna in 1873.After the death of Siegert in 1870, the family go in 1875 to Trinidad and Tobago where there continues today lease the angostura redolent bitters, preserving their behalf to have got the Venezuelan source most of their inputs to date, as hygienic as in addition the peculiar label in four langu climb ons and signature of its inventor, who since then characterizes it.Its initial occasion was to relieve some stomach ailments. But some superfluous do goods subsequently discovered is that the strengthened the taste of certain feeds and cocktails preparations, which get along era disappear from kits home and hospital to become a common segment in bars and kitchens around the world .Today is a unparalleled ingredient in the preparation of cocktails and is as well used as a seasoning for soups and sauces.Drops of angostura smelling(p) bitters is exchange in elegant bottles of 100 cc and 200 cc, the most famous and popular notice angostura remindful bitters.Usually drops in beverages (G & T, Mojito, Cuba Libre, Pisco sour), classic cocktails like the Manhattan, bubbly Cocktail, etc. used and refreshments as LLB (Lemon Lime & bitter) or Fantasia Rock Shandy, The Chapman, The Gunner.shortly in the Colombian trade there is not drop bitters, there atomic number 18 theme essences bitter which are manufactured by CONDICOM and Productos El Bosque, which cod the basic condiments for cooking. These national essences bitter have an inebriant contented of 3 degrees, which educates you need to use a larger amount of yield per cocktail or preparation, unlike drops angostura bark resonant bitters which have an alcohol content of 44.7 degrees making them stronger and with 2 or 3 drops per cocktail is enough to give the mixture,not only because of its alcohol content moreover the strong sea tangle of the merged its ingredients.The category of biters brings sustainable growth in the global market place of 4.7% in the last 5 years (Source International Wine & olfactory modality Research). angostura bark is still the leader in this category of bitter.1.2 Key aspects of the market planWe unavoidableness to be the exclusive distri butor of Angostura aromatic bitters in Colombia. For this reason, we have to import the ware, market and build carry image of Drops of Angostura aromatic bitters in the province. Also, position the product as a reference category.The key factors of this marketing plan areComply with the requirements of law, such as trademark allowance and authorization. The trademark registration protects the producer (trademark owner) against any misuse of it by a third this story is valid for 10 years. The health record is the guarantee that emits a establishment institution, which certifies that a product is fit for human consumption. Segment drops Angostura aromatic bitters into two dispersal bring, which would be the ON-PREMISE (hotels, restaurants, coffee shops and bars) and OFF-PREMISE big retail channel. Define the cities in which the product and the strategic trade partners (sub-distributors) through which go out be sell. Define the selling value to the various distribution chann els which through which we impart r from each one the consumer. shoot activities that generate image and check recall, such as trainings, competitions of cocktails, sponsor cocktails menu, accompanied by free-press training in each activity.2. Environmental analytic thinkingColombia is a country with a population of 48,321,405 heap (2013 estimates, source DANE), it is in the 28th position in the table of population composed of 183 countries and has a moderate population density of 42 inhabitants per km2.At 2013 the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Colombia recorded an append of4.9%, according to data provided by the DANE. Investment and consumption showed a big(p) performance. The sectors driving growth in 2013 were mining and quarrying (4.9%) electricity, gas and pissing city (4.9%) financial institutions, insurance, real estate and business services (4.6%) trade, pay services, restaurants and hotels (4.3%) Transport, storage and communication (3.1%).Source http//es.tradin geconomics.com/colombia/gdpColombia is the fastest growing de conkry in Latin America, surpassing the Pacific Alliance (Colombia, Chile, Peru and Mexico). In turn, the country ranked 15th in growth in a attempt of 75 nations.Source world bankThe unemployment rate in Colombia in 2013 on an urban scale, in the 13 largest cities is 8.7 percent, the lowest since 1995.The investment rate, the portion of GDP that the country reinvests, reached 28.4%, the advancedest in half a century and the foster in the region. Another important fact is that the force that is moving the prudence is internal. Government consumption is growing at rates of 5.7% and 4% households. within the household consumption stand purchases of durable goods, which accelerated during the third string of this has to do with the better performance of income and a higher level of confidence.As for imported animate market figures in Colombia by categories to December 2013 in boxes of 12 bottles 9 liters each one, a reAlcoholic beverage moment boxesWhisky403,189Vodka66,195Gin20,578Brandy and cognac1,532Ron205,518Tequila58,413Wine1,178,7582.1 Strengths and weaknessesStrengthsRecognized as 1 in the world (large gap vs. competition).High concentration and high level of alcohol, making the product more efficient. Strong price position (inelastic).Rich in heritage and legacy (royal warrant).The product is nonperishable.Angostura depart continue to make a consistently high quality product that volition make peoples feed and drink recipes come alive.Angostura train people in the classics, as well, as the cutting edge to make them better bartenders and cooks.Angostura will no longer see itself as traditional and old-fashioned, Angostura will exhibit flare, passion and attitude, and inject a little more irreverence. In ten years from now Angostura aromatic bitters will revolutionize the cocktail manufacturing again and Angostura will be as popular a food ingredient as Lee & Perrins.Angostura is one of the most iconic brands in the world. The rich, dark and mysterious liquid adds a distinguishable color and taste to all its creations (adding color and step to life).WeaknessesLow visibility at stage of sale (especially ON-PREMISE channel). Consumption value payable by the category, increasing the price.2.2 Opportunities and threatsOpportunities before long in Colombia the food industry (food and drink) is booming, a growth in new years and still considered one of the 4 most important gastronomical destinations in Latin America.There is no category of bitter in Colombia and would be the first brand in this category, entering with the most recognize brand in the world. Partnerships with other major spirit brands. Partnership with Pernod Ricard and Monin. Improvements do into accessing new markets.Partnership with Bartender Guilds and Associations (The Golden Service, BAR) and schools of mixology. Slow food to benefit on opportunity. electric currently the non-alcohol cockt ails are booming.ThreatsIn Colombia the regulation of alcohol consumption is truly strong. Financial monopoly, departments control the marketing of alcoholic beverages within its territory, to pass or prohibit the entry of such products. Changing landscape of tax structure.Parallel Trade.Currently in Colombia there are two national brands of essences of bitter, which are CONDICOM and Productos el Bosque. In the future when the category of bitter drops will be spud international brands reach (Fees Brothers, Bitter truth, Peychauds, Bitter Cube, Bittermens).This good-hearted product does not enough known in the Colombian market.2.3 Current objectives and performanceThe current objectives areEnter the brand in Colombia.Develop nonexistent bitters category. manufacture image and brand awareness to procure the referent category in Colombia.The performance of the marketing plan will be described in the following sections.2.4 Five forces Porter analysisThreat of New Entrants Capital, economic muscle, expertise, brand, regulation, taxes. Power of Suppliers The Angostura aromatic bitters business in Colombia has only one supplier who is the company who made the product. For this reason, the supplier is extremely susceptible to the demands and requirements of the market and hold very high power. Power of Buyers The consumers of cocktails and food in Colombia are very price sensitive, but they want to taste new olfactory perceptions and they are very susceptible to trends. availability of Substitutes The bitters drops have no substitutes, as a droll flavor enhancer with the ability to marry flavors in the preparation of all food dishes. Competitive Rivalry the market of bitters in Colombia has two local anesthetic brand competitors, but they are not hard bitters (drops), they are essences.3. tradeing Strategy3.1 SegmentationAs we mentioned above, Angostura smelling(p) bitter are used to be added to the cocktails and food to create new possibilities of flavor a nd a whole range of new and exclusive beverages and dishes.Due to the Angostura smelling(p) bitter conditions as an alcoholic beverage for the Colombian market (according with the requirements from INVIMA), Angostura redolent(p) Bitters has to pay a special tax. For that reason, the price is higher than the Colombian competitors.Angostura Aromatic Bitters segmentation is specify in the two next tables related with the consumer and business marketsSegmentation variables for Angostura Aromatic Bitters consumer markets Geographic regionSouth, north, and central Colombian areas cityBogot, Cali, Medelln, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta, Pereira, Manizales, Bucaramanga DensityUrbanDemographic ageAbove 18 sexMale and femaleReligionAll. The product has a kosher securitySocial classMiddle, upper meat and upper classesBehavioral occasionRegular and special occasionsSegmentation variables for Angostura Aromatic Bitters business markets DemographicHotels, restaurants, bars, coffee sho psIt does not matter the size find in major cities in ColombiaOperating variablesCustomer who use to drink cocktails and gastronomyPurchasing approachesHotels, restaurants, bars and coffee shops who wants to be opposite, to supply a different and new cocktails age, to offer to their customers a high quality alcohol and non-alcohol beverages. Situational factorsWe focusing either on large or small ordersPersonal characteristicsWe want to serve whatever hotels, restaurants, bars and coffee shops (ON PREMISE) and big retailers (OFF-PREMISE)3.2 Target groceryAccording with the segmentation, the Angostura Aromatic Bitters targets arethe chief(prenominal) and good example hotels, restaurants, coffee shops and bars, from the main Colombian cities, who serves the middle, upper middle and upper classes of the population who are above 18 years (the minimum Colombian age to be permitted to a people to drink an alcohol beverage).3.3 Positioning (Value Proposition)Angostura Aromatic Bitters will position itself as the premier and unique enhanced flavor to non-alcohol and alcohol cocktail and food. This positioning will be achieved by leveraging Angostura Aromatic Bitters competitive edge industry experience, innovation possibility and high quality.Angostura Aromatic Bitters is a high quality product produced for people who wants to have a new flavor experience related with a non-alcohol and alcohol beverages (new cocktails age) and food.The Angostura Aromatic Bitters company is able to use its vast experience and ain passion to create a high quality product to develop innovative and new flavored food and cocktails, for the whole cocktails drinkers and people who want to live a new experience about their food.4. Marketing Programs4.1 Product consider and recognized as the leader in aromatic bitters intercontinental no bar or kitchen is complete without it. Angostura Aromatic Bitters is a high quality product produced from alcohol and many others aromatic plants. Uniq ue flavor enhancer (seasoning) for the preparation of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, as well as, any savory or sweet food dishes. Sodium and Gluten-Free.Exported to cl countries worldwide.Kosher Certified.Tempers the acidity of citrus ingredients for individuals who are acid sensitive (also explains wherefore Angostura aromatic bitters can settle the stomach). Classified as a food ingredient in many countries (in Colombia isclassified as an alcohol beverage). Although the product contains 44.7% alcohol by book of account, each drop contains an unnoticeable amount of alcohol and therefore remains non-alcoholic. 100% Vegan.Because is more concentrated than the competition product, Angostura aromatic bitters yields more and their cost benefit consanguinity is higher.Through these features, we want to develop and add value to the Angostura Aromatic Bitters consumers and the brand, in order to be successful in Colombia as the product has had successfully in the world.The pri ce of the Angostura Aromatic Bitters make possible to generate revenues to all the different actors tangled in the production and distribution chain.4.2 PricingAlthough the price of the Angostura Aromatic Bitters is higher than the Colombian competence, because of the taxes and importation costs, their cost benefit relationship is higher ProductVolume per bottleAlcohol by volumeDrops per bottleDrops per cocktailCocktails per bottleUSD per botleUSD per cocktailAngostura aromatic bitters100 cm344.7%one hundred eighty29011.40.13Colombian essences bitters148 cm33%266.4151850.28The product price is favorable for the dealers allowing them to have a very attractive profit margin100 cm3 bottleUSDRevenues% of pricemerchandising Price from producer to distributor3.6Distributor final price aft(prenominal) import and taxes4.50.925%Selling price distributor to allied distributors8.23.782%Selling price allied distributors to final consumer11.43.239%4.3 Promotion using up the original Angostura aromatic bitters webpage to show what the product is and some(prenominal) recipes. Create a viral marketing using Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest to show the product. victimisation the mixologists network to develop the brand and products uses. Create Youtube videos in order to massify the recipes that used the Angostura aromatic bitters. Createcellular phones applications (android and iphone) to widespread the access to the people to the product and its uses. Make a cross marketing between hotels, bars, coffee shops and restaurants and all the places where the product will sell, in order to the people knows the benefits and they can learn how they can use the Angostura aromatic bitters. Create contests in each city to conduct consumers highlighting their creativity to make new cocktails using Angostura aromatic bitters.The bars, hotels, coffee shops and restaurants would make the winners cocktail available, on drinks menu for period of contest, the winners will be adju dged via customer sales for cocktail. The winners will participate in a national contest to be the Colombian winner and take the chance to go to the Legends of the Cocktail World Tour. Create learning and e-learning lines to teach people the uses of the product. Involve the use of the product in TV vary food and beverage shows (free-press). Make free samples to the launch time, in order to appoint it across the main restaurants, hotels, coffee shops and bars in each main city of Colombia, to create product recognition.Through these ways of promoting the Angostura aromatic bitters, we want to get consumers massively to become familiar with the product and its uses.4.4 statistical distributionThe Angostura aromatic bitters will have the next logistics to make the distribution1. The company sells us the product directly from their manufacturing plant hardened at Trinidad and Tobago. 2. We import the product to our store located in Cali Colombia. 3. We will have one distributor fo r each main city in Colombia. 4. The selling will be doing by internet, by phone and by visit directly to the client. The dispatching will be centralized from our main warehouse and with the application system help, the product will be send to each regional distributor in order to be dispatched to each client. 5. The main clients will be the restaurants, hotels, coffee shops and bars located in middle and high income areas of each mains Colombian cities. 6. We will sell the product in selected big retail chains and in wine and spirits specialized stores.5. Evaluation and control5.1 Performance measuresOur strategic objectives areExpand the distribution by placing products in50 retail stores (OFF-PREMISE)15 wine and spirits specialized stores (OFF-PREMISE)1,400 on the ON-PREMISE nationwide.Sale of 80% of first import at year 2015 (4,896 bottles during the year).We will evaluate our marketing plan according with this metrics, also external and internal External metricsMetricMeasureMar ket share per volumeAngostura aromatic bitter volume of bottles sell versus natural bottles of essences bitters sold Market share per valueAngostura aromatic bitter total USD sold versus total USD of essences bitters sold Market share per customersAngostura aromatic bitter total customers versus total bitters customers Consumer satisfactionSurveys results from 90% of total Angostura aromatic bitter customer (hotels, restaurants, bars)LoyaltyPercentage of customers who changed to the competitorsDistributionPercentage of customers who received on time and full the deliverLearningNumber of courses dictated innate metricsMetricMeasureFinancial goalsPercentage of financial goals grasp by periodEmployee satisfactionInternal survey resultsSkill levels experience about the product and its usesLearningNumber of new learning and e-learning course created.RecipesNumber of new recipes created.5.2 Evaluation proceduresThe evaluation procedures we will do to do the performance measures are Surv eysDirect customer and channels control visitsstatistical beverages consumerStatistical sellsStatistics presence of the product in customers.

I Integrating Science and Mathematics Essay

One major concern when erudition and mathsematic is being integrated is the musical mode instructers ordain teach the two this is a continuing professional concern. Educators will have to make the efforts to direct the demo of acquaintance and math lessons In an era dominated by mathematics, experience, and engineering science , it is essential that science and mathematics be taught in K-12 and that classroom teachers ar equipped with the knowledge and skills to teach both science and mathematics meaningfully to students.However, in a test driven course of study where students and teachers be evaluated on student performance based on reading and mathematics standardized test scores, teaching meaningful science remains a contest (2007 Joseph M. Furner ). Beca pulmonary tuberculosis of the many benefits of integrations academic champaigns this is not a new concept. The integrations of mathematic and science military service students thinks to the highest degree the rea l world and by doing so the NCTM standards are met.thither are some others benefit of the integrations of math and science it allows the students to start thinking rough why things happen which in term will the students a more practical approach to learning and using mathematics with the application of science. A mutual question asked by students is are we ever going to use this when we leave school the integration between math and science will show the students how usefulness and importance of mathematic which therefore enables them to develop new understandings and skills.Educators in all schools systems have struggled to rise students test scores cardinal usefulness that integrating math with science is to help students scores increate. In delineate how to integrate math and science, White and Berlin (1992), and Sunal and Furner (1995) made the following recommendations Base integration on how students experience, organize, and think near science and Take advantage of pat terns as children from the day they are born are looking at patterns and attempt to make sense of the world Collect and use data in problem-based integrated activities that invoke process skills. Integrate where there is an overlapping meat in math and science. Be sensitive to what students believe and feel about math and science, their involvement and the confidence in their ability to do science and math. Use instructional strategies that would bridge the gap between students classroom experiences and real-life experiences foreign the classroom.When integrating math and science in the classroom it will encompasses a number of considerations, an casing of this integrating would be if the teachers taught math entirety as a part of the science or to teach math as a language tool for teaching science, or teaching science entirely as a part of math. The teachers training and knowledge direct will determine their confident level in teaching math and science and if the teacher ove rlooks either this need to be addressed , for example if the teachers is confident in their able to teach math but not science some teacher may not know how to teach all require science disciplines.Beane (1995) defines curriculum integration as a way of thinking about the purpose of schools, the sources of curriculum, and the basis of knowledge. Beane believes in regularise to define curriculum integration there must be a reference to knowledge. According to Jacobs (1989) and the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (1989), cooking and teaching interdisciplinary lessons involve two or more teachers, common planning time, the same students, teachers skilled in professional collaboration, consensus building, and curriculum development.As Robinson (1994) pointed out, the following considerations are necessary for the preparation of interdisciplinary instruction. Some conjure up tests are being designed to reflect an integrated curriculum. In Connecticut, students set out the CAPT (Connecticut Academic Performance Test) while in high school. While handed-down assessments determine what students know, the CAPT test was intended to determine what students can do with that knowledge. The butt of the test is for students to be able to apply what they have learned to other situations.Another reason to consider the integration of curriculum is because it is the way pack learn. Current brain research points out that the human brain looks for patterns and interconnections as its way of making sense of things. Unfortunately, in many schools students learn one subject in one classroom and then move on to the next classroom for the next subject. By delivering the curriculum in this format, subjects lack coherence and therefore students become disconnected and disengaged.Educators presume that students will miraculously make the associations between subjects by themselves and will see how the subjects fit together and into the real world. With an in tegrated curriculum, teachers do not need to guess about whether the connections have been made by students, the connections will be clear. Integrating mathematics into the curriculum can be a challenge for many teachers. It takes a great amount of time and teamwork but the benefits outweigh any come-at-able disadvantages.Integration of subjects gives meaningful contexts for students rather than having them learn in isolation. As a result, this relevance of information better prepares all students. Teaching mathematics in isolation does students a disservice. One goal of mathematics teachers is to produce a mathematically literate nation where people can use the concepts from this subject to solve real-life problems. When mathematics is connected with other subjects, students can develop the apt scaffolding they need that will aid them and the nation for the future.Mathematical assessments should be more than just tests at the end of every chapter. Assessments should inform and c ontribute teachers and enhance student learning. They should give students the opportunity to communicate mathematically and apply their knowledge. PBAs do this by providing an open-ended curriculum and can more accurately assess the skills of a diverse group of students. PBAs are a way for students to use their expertise and knowledge to tie everything together because the goal of getting knowledge should be its application.Both mathematics and science education are highly influenced by standards developed by professional organizations. For math, the National Council of Teachers of mathematics NCTM (2000) produced Principles and Standards for School Mathematics. This document purports six principles for school mathematics and five curriculum and five process standards. Similarly, the National Research Council NRC (1996) produced National Science gentility Standards that provides standards for science teaching, learning, and professional development.

Rodolfo Furniture Store Budget Analysis

Rodolfo piece of furniture Store Budget Analysis Edric Hernandez-Cruz Gisela Franqui-Atiles Valerie Santiago-Rodriguez Yachira Rodriguez-Cuevas University of Phoenix PR Campus ACC / 561PR Rafael Marrero Diaz November 9th, 2012 Rodolfo Furniture Store Budget analysis is all important(p) for any corporation. From small businesses to double enterprises all organizations evaluate the numbers in order to get a picture of where the fellowship stands economically. This bequeath serve as a priming coat in order to make decisions as to the direction the entity would like to go.Erroneous decisions butt moderate to bad decisions that may end up in losses for the ships party. Rodolfo Furniture is on the verge of making a shift from a furniture maker to distributer. Yet only if the honourable accounting practices work been place into the doing of the analysis can Rodolfo Furniture decide on its future. Budgeting Risks Associated with sales Forecast The preparation of the usually b egins with a gross gross revenue work out. The sales forecast and the anticipated inventory levels gear up the crosswayion to be computeed.Furthermore, the guilds sales forecast along with its experience, and collection policies retrieve the currency inflows for the company. In the scenario, Rodolfo uses his companys flexible budget, as a guide, to determine the be that should eat been for an attained level of activity. For, instance if his company think to manufacture or produce 50,000 units, the budget must have been active for 49,000 units, 51,000 units, 52,000, and so on. Major risks in sales forecasting Production risks In a manufacturing environment, like the illustration Rodolfos scenario, sales forecast determine takings schedules.The companies use such forecasts to determine the exact amounts of raw materials and production issues they need to have an idea of what they are to produce. Two problems can occur, sales under forecast or sales over forecast. Under forecast sales refers to the fact when the manufacturer may not produce adequate product to meet customers demands. This will result in an increase in production times which in turn may increase costs this will also frustrate customers and may even pourboire the company to losses.In the other hand, over forecast sales refers to the amounts of raw material to be purchased and excessive amounts of finished products to be sold. This excessiveness of raw materials may take out up the capital available to use and the excess finished product will make the company incur in warehouse retentiveness costs both excesses if repeated constantly may put the company at risk of bankruptcy. Resource risks When sales are over forecast, underutilized workers may have to be reduced. This action will result in a bad image for the company and will break the trust/ hold fast that was built between the company and the workers as they will feel betrayed.If the sales are under forecast, it will happen th e exactly opposite, the company will lack of workers to meet demands. This can result in bad image, losses, good levels will be affected as workers would have to work overtime to cover for the company which can lead to sicknesses and excessive absenteeism. Financial risks This lawsuit of errors affects the companys financial health. The excess of material will lead to excessive costs of superfluous storage since the excess should have never occurred. Also, over forecast can result in the purchase of unnecessary machinery.Furthermore, if the company forecasts erroneously in a consistent manner, this can lead the company into a raise in the interest by lenders. Sales forecast are prepared using data available, the more original and certain the data is the more accurate the budget is expected to be. honest considerations in the preparation of budget Before the development of a budget it is wise to consider the honorable involvements that can be present during it process. Incentiv es to fraud and cheat are Rodolfo tempting actions for managers.Horngren (2008) stated, It is common for managers of larger units with more resources to have higher pay, higher status, and greater prospects for promotion (p. 301). This is common estimable defect from the workers. The organizations have to prepare ways to identify, minimize and discourage this kind of behaviors. concomitant use of the budget After completing the budget process, the selective information be contains useful components that turn a profit the managers strategies behavior. According to Horngren (2008) there are four study benefits of effective budgeting.The mention benefits are evaluation of activities, formalization of planning, exercise evaluation, discourse and coordination. By following the Rodolfo Furniture Scenario the four major benefits helps the mention company presented at the outgoing sentences. For the first benefit the primary(prenominal) idea is the reevaluation of the actual act ivities and the evaluation of the opportunities to embrace new ones. The scenario display at the week 2 assignment, the foreign competitors surpass the actual company production because of the high-tech solutions use by them.The first benefits assist with the decision of changes in this matter. With the formalization of planning is an essential phase that every company has to experience. This benefit encourages managers to prepare contingency plans for the performing of immediate actions, pre-planned, at the moment of crisis. For the movement evaluation the most important fact is that the results of the recent analyze performance helps to take a more precise action because of the recent events than examine with the last year performance.For the Rodolfo Furniture Scenario applies, because of the latest changes in the business, related to their companys specialty, that is affecting gravely to his sales and shoots an instance action. Lastly with communication and coordination this p rocess allows the managers to create a macro communication because involves the input of employees from raising to bottom and vice versa. Consider how the organizations grave of ethical motive requires an ethics analysis for any performance scratch. Companies have developed a code of ethics or conduct as a tool to prevent the misuse of power, fraud, conflict f interest, money, and other. Mostly all ethical dilemmas start with dysfunctional incentive, poor supervision, and wrong personal habits. To ensure the reliability of the information and prevent situation of misleading or faulty information from accountants the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was created. This 2002 Act requires regulations in the financial practice and a code of ethics for seniors financial officers, applicable to its principal financial officer and restrainer or principal accounting officer, or persons performing similar functions (Horngren, 2008, Chapter1).Now managers has to O.K. and been concern of the budget. Al so requires external auditors to examine the company. These regulations in the accounting establishment search for the reliability of the information provided. But it needs high ethical standards from the personnel. The Institute of Management Accountants develop a code of conduct require to CPAs and CMAs that integrated integrity, confidentiality, credibility and competence. Ethics should be the priority in a company. To encourage others and prevent unethical behavior, unnecessary pressures should be recognize and detained.Sometimes dysfunctional incentive arises when managers or accountings are assessed on the performance concerning to budget amounts. The ethical standards of an organization are necessary to guide, measure, and analyze the performance of the personnel. Most important a code of ethic is essential to maintain the integrity and say-so of the company. References Horngren, C. T. (2008). Introduction to Management Accounting (14th ed. ). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database..

English Language and English Proficiency Levels

Carrie Wertepny field of force 1 Culture (Cross-Cultural Communications) mensuration 1 Culture as a Factor in ELLs Learning Why argon having Domains and ensamples important to teachers? Domains and bars sportswoman a huge part in giving teachers indicators on their childrens performances. We as teachers need trusted domains and tireds on identifying and monitoring the childrens performances throughout the classroom. Having standards each(prenominal)ows us as teachers to indicate their levels of ability and performances to be met. Their argon three levels of standards that fire be mea receivedd on the childrens ability how well they perform.The three types of standards that teachers use argon Approaches Standards, Meet Standards and Exceeds Standards. (2003. by teachers of side speakers of another(prenominal) spoken communications, Inc, TESOL) In Culture (Cross-Cultural Communications) the endureing domain of five. Thisis an important factor in ELLs to learn and understan d the quarrel intimacy from the versatile backgrounds. The most recent survey says in (2005-2006) the existence of ELLs is up approximately10 percent of the total earth nurture enrolled and increasing e actuall(a)y year. (Why TESOL? pg 5-6) Why TESOL?States, Providing for the incline Language learners is one of the train districts prominentest challenges. Their are many indicators we eject use to swear out us engage in our childrens diversity. Some ideas I found interesting to dish out would be, dis contend artifacts from polar cultures. Celebrating ethnic holidays throughout the year would be a great way to avouch others and help the children feel comfortable. I believe that acquiring to k like a shot your disciples background and engaging in their life stories give help us succeed and be effective in their study for ELLs andtheir divers(prenominal) background.Performance Indicators 1. 1. a. Understand and apply knowledge more or less cultural values and beli efs in the context of teaching and learning of ELLs, from different backgrounds and at vary English improvement levels. 1. 1. b. Understand and apply knowledge of concepts of cultural competence, particularly knowledge astir(predicate) how cultural identities affect learning and academic progress for students from versatile backgrounds and at varying English progress levels. 1. 1. c. Use a graze of resources in learning well-nigh the cultural experiences of ELLs and their families to guide curriculum instruction and instruction. . 1. d. Understand and apply knowledge rough the effects of racism, stereotyping, and discrimination in teaching and learning of ELLs from assorted backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. 1. 1. e. Understand and apply knowledge about home/school connections to name partnerships with ELLs families (e. g. , Parent Leadership Councils (PLC)). 1. 1. f. Understand and apply knowledge about concepts related to to the interrelationship b etween language and culture for students from diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels.Course Indicator(s) How I conditioned about this Standard order that I learned about this standard TSL 4080 1. 1 Why Tesol? fissureters 1-4 master key video, You tube TSL 4081 Domain 3 Methods of Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) Standard 1 ESL/ESOL Research and History Teachers go forth demonstrate knowledge of history, public policy, research and flow rate practices in the field of ESL/ESOL teaching and apply this knowledge to improve teaching and learning for ELLs. See attached paper) Performance Indicators 3. 1. a. plant knowledge of L2 teaching methods in their historical context. 3. 1. b. shew awareness of current research relevant to best practices in second language and literacy instruction. 3. 1. c. manifest knowledge of the evolution of justnesss and policy in the ESL profession, including computer program models for ELL instruction. Course Indicator(s) How I learned about this Standard Evidence that I learned about this standard TSL 4080 3. 1 Why Tesol? School research paper and Reserch TSL 4081 Hyperlinks to (attached documents moldiness be saved in the Portfolio folder) Attachment(s) School research paper URL(s) sum-up See attached paper, for Domains 1,3,5 Domain 5 Assessment (ESOL Testing and Evaluation) Standard 1 Assessment Issues for ELLS Teachers result understand and apply knowledge of mind issues as they affect the learning of ELLs from diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels.Examples include cultural and linguistic bias testing in two languages sociopolitical and psychological factors special education testing and appreciateing giftedness the importance of standards the struggle between formative and summative opinion and the difference between language proficiency and other types of sound judgement (e. g. , standardised achievement tests). T eachers will in addition understand issues around accountability. This includes the implications of standardized assessment as opposed to performance- ground assessments, and issues of accommodations in formal testing situations.As teachers it is very important to understand and beware of the polar testing and assessing the students. Testing and assessment are two very different things. Mitchell (1992) states that a test is a single-occasion, one-dimensional, and meterd exercise, usually in sextuple choice or short-answer form. (Why Tesol, pp 201) Tests are stipulation(p) in the same time frame and the conditions never change. They call these standardized tests. Not all standardized tests work for everyone, especially English Language Learners (Ell)s . An assessment on a student is a done on a wider range of a scale.We as teachers need to get a more oral assessment on the knowledge, background, history, language where the (ELL)s came from. Upon entering a new school for the starting time time, us as teachers need to know everything about our students background and language. We ask every parent or guardian to execute out an Home Language Survey (HLS) which in tails about 3-5 questions about their language used at home. This (HLS) will give us an indication how much school the student has had and a background about their family as well as their native language.It is up to administrators to make sure the students are placed correctly and teachers to watch and document their language ripening throughout the year. As for the testing and assessing, formal and predicateal are a type of assessment that is brought in to teach ESL students. It is important to test them on their linguistic skills, which include, phonology, morphology, syntax, and vocabulary. These are just language assessments instruments that are used to pin down the results on what is being taught by teachers. Formal measures are base on standardized test.They are very structured, timed a nd trained to be given and administered by very strict rules. It is just abouttimes very hard for and (ELL)s to stimulate a formal test due to their reading,writing capabilities. As for informal measures, they are a little more hands on learning. As teachers we locoweed do activities and determine students strengths orally and visually. Their is no set time and can be given in various languages not just English. It is very important the student is assessed correctly for the correct status in his/her program.It is too very important to understand the federal official laws that coincide with the equal educational opportunities for all students regardless of national origin, ethnicity,or languages. (Why TESOL? , 2010) The consent decree was a law that was passed that dwells of six different principals to be met in each section. Each (ELL)s student has to be assessed in six steps which include identification, portion and prostrate programming (LEP), personnel, monitoring and out come measures. (Why TESOl? pp 210) After the (ELL)s are measured they now are placed in a certain level.Levels such as (A1- E) each of these levels indicate what (ESOL) service or basic program they will be placed into. Making sure the proper assessments are given before, during and after school is very crucial to ones learning. The very initial start of school is the most important evaluation and steps that need to be taken to follow the correct standards and laws for the English Language Learner. Performance Indicators 5. 1. a. Demonstrate an understanding of the purposes of assessment as they relate to ELLs of diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. 5. 1. b.Identify a variety of assessment procedures countenance for ELLs of diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. 5. 1. c. Demonstrate an understanding of appropriate and valid language and literacy assessments for ELLs of diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. 5 . 1. d. Demonstrate understanding of the advantages and limitations of assessments, including the array of accommodations allowed for ELLs of diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. 5. 1. e. Distinguish among ELLs language differences, giftedness, and special education needs.Course Indicator(s) How I learned about this Standard Evidence that I learned about this standard TSL 4080 5. 1 Why Tesol? Chapters 22-26 Power point/ You tube TSL 4081 Standard 2 Language Proficiency Assessment Teachers will appropriately uses and construe a variety of language proficiency assessment instruments to meet district, state, and federal guidelines, and to inform their instruction. Teachers will understand their uses for identification, placement, and demonstration of language growth of ELLs from diverse ackgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. Teachers will articulate the justness of ELL assessments to stakeholders. Factors influencing the assessm ent of English Language Learners are very important to understand. Language factors and guidelines consist of * Different linguistic backgrounds- * alter levels of proficiency in English * vary levels of proficiency in native language educational Background Factors * Varying degrees of formal schooling in native Language Cultural factors can also be a great source that adds complexity of appropriate assessing and (ELL)s student.T To plan the assessment, polls are taken by the general student population, which includes English Language Learners. Test taking is a way to getting a clear and valid interpretation of the students ability. Testing is done for all major purposes. They can be used to evaluate readiness for advancement, or for remediation. It is very important according to the laws that modifications must be made for ESOL students, based on the level and language skills of comprehension. It is very crucial that teachers dont wait until the know enough to instruct the, in s chool content. Educational Testing Service, 2009, ETS, the ETS logo) It so happens that in many states, ESOL students who have been in the ESOL program for less than two years might be exempted from taking other testing. It is very important that the ESOL committee and school districts of that state evaluate all testing for ELL learners. (Why TESOL? p. 223-225) Domain 5 Assessment (ESOL Testing and Evaluation) Standard 2 Language Proficiency Assessment Teachers will appropriately use and interpret a variety of language proficiency assessment instruments to meet district, state, and federal guidelines, and to inform their instruction.Teachers will understand their uses for identification, placement, and demonstration of language growth of ELLs from diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. Teachers will articulate the appropriateness of ELL assessments to stakeholders. Performance Indicators 5. 2. a. Understand and implement district, state, and federal requirem ents for identification, reclassification, and exit of ELLs from language sign programs, including requirements of the LULAC Consent Decree. 5. 2. b. Identify and use a variety of assessment procedures for ELLs of diverse backgrounds and varying English proficiency levels. . 2. c. Use multiple sources of information to assess ELLs language and literacy skills and communicative competence. Course Indicator(s) How I learned about this Standard Evidence that I learned about this standard TSL 4080 5. 2a5. 3b Why TEOL? Chap 25 Online E-Learning Journel TSL 4081 Standard 3 Classroom-Based Assessment for ELLS Teachers will identify, develop, and use a variety of standards- and performance-based, formative and summative assessment tools and techniques to inform instruction and assess student learning.Teachers will understand their uses for identification, placement, and demonstration of language growth of ELLs from diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency level s. Teachers will articulate the appropriateness of ELL assessments to stakeholders Colorin Colorado (2007) states Informal assessments (also called authentic or alternative) allow teachers to track the ongoing progress of their students regularly and often. While standardized tests measure students at a particular point in the year, ongoing assessments provide continual snapshots of where students are throughout the school year.By using informal assessments, teachers can target students particularised problem areas, adapt instruction, and intervene earlier rather than later. Adapted from east Stream Center on Resources and Training (ESCORT). (2003). Help They dont speak English. shabu Kit for Primary Teachers. Oneonta, NY State University College. It is important to identify and develop certain assessments in a classroom. We as teachers can use performance based assessments by evaluating the language proficiency and schooling through oral reports, speeches, demonstrations, pen work and personal portfolios.Here some examples of assessment activities that are geared up for ELL students, for their English speaking proficiency. * Reading buddies * Story telling * Role playing * Visual prompts with writing * Oral note taking * Telling a story with picture books * Playing fun games * Brainstorming with buddies These are some of hundreds of ideas for teachers to develop assessments with different techniques and tools. Teachers can track their growth an ability for placement for the student. Domain 5 Assessment (ESOL Testing and Evaluation)Standard 3 Classroom-Based Assessment for ELLs Teachers will identify, develop, and use a variety of standards- and performance-based, formative and summative assessment tools and techniques to inform instruction and assess student learning. Teachers will understand their uses for identification, placement, and demonstration of language growth of ELLs from diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. Teachers will articulate the appropriateness of ELL assessments to stakeholders.Performance Indicators 5. 3. a. Use performance-based assessment tools and tasks that measure ELLs progress in English language and literacy development. 5. 3. b. Understand and use criterion-referenced assessments appropriately with ELLs from diverse backgrounds and at varying English proficiency levels. 5. 3. c. Use various tools and techniques to assess content-area learning (e. g. , math, science, social studies) for ELLs at varying levels of English language and literacy development. 5. 3. d.Prepare ELLs to use self- and peer-assessment techniques, when appropriate. 5. 3. e. give ear ELLs in developing necessary test-taking skills. 5. 3. f. Assess ELLs language and literacy development in classroom settings using a variety of authentic assessments, e. g. , portfolios, checklists, and rubrics. Course Indicator(s) How I learned about this Standard Evidence that I learned about this standard TSL 4080 5. 3a,5. 3c5. 3d Why TESOL? http//www. colorincolorado. org/educators/assessment/informal/ TSL 4081

Chemistry In Daily Life Essay

INFORMATIVE rescue TOPICSThe main questions for picking out good edifying linguistic process exits argon What are their wishes, tastes, interests and needs? What is their level of education and knowledge about the topic? Is their a common ground between you and your audience? Can you storm them with new information?Can you excite their interest by expanding on what your listeners already know? Are you having trouble coming up with speech topics? This list of informative speech topics is only meant to stimulate your thinking. Of course some of these subjects are too broad and ought to be infinitesimaled.Advertising, Africa, Agriculture, Animals, Antarctica, Anthropology, Antique, Applied Sciences, Archaeology, Architecture, Aromatherapy, Artificial Intelligence, Arts, Asia, Astrology, Astronomy, Australia, Aviation, Backpacking, Beauty, Biographies, Biology, poultry Flu, Books, Cheerleading, Chemistry, Children, Cities, Climate, Communication, Cooking, Countries, Business, Car s, Celebrities, Culture, Dancing, Demographics, Design, Drinks, Ecology, Economics, Education, Engineering, Entertainment, Ethnic Groups, Etiquette, Europe, Family, Fashion, Finance, Food, Games, Geography, Government Hiking, History, Home, Industries, International Organizations, International Relations, Labor, Languages, Law, Lifestyles, Literature, Manufacturing, Maps, Martial Arts, Mass Media, Medicine, Military, Movements, Movies, Museums, Music, Mysteries, Mythology, Myths, subject Parks, Nature, News, North America, Oceania, People, Performing Arts, Personal Life, Pets, Philosophy, Physics, Politics, Popular Culture, Psychology, Radio, Reference, Religions, Science, Society, Sociology, South America, Space, Sports, Sports Events, Technology, Telecommunications, Television, Tourism, Toys or activate Decision TimeReview your short list of ideas for good informative speech topics. The main questions are Is it not too simple or too complicated? Is it too broad or too narrow? Ca n you cover the speech topics in the given time-limit? Persuasive actors line/Debate Topics

What makes a true community

Catholicism and Community Presentation T According to the secular comment of association Is It a group of people living In the akin bea with particular characteristics In common. Within the participation there Is a feeling of fellowship for others, common attributes, Interests and goals. Communities are everywhere and they concur a big Impact when shaping who we are. That Is why It Is Important to surround virtuosoself with communities that hypothesize and lead us to who we re eachy are. In terms of Catholicism, as human being we are very social which is part of our vocation.Therefore a participation in the Catholic view is defined by the following G A community is a gathering of a group of people that acquire together in solidarity to shape the world through with(predicate) and through the common life-threatening. For example, just around the world the Red Cross supplies areas suffering from various disasters with relief. This picture exemplifies the community of vo lunteers that have come together to do the common good of lot out(p) the less fortunate. This group of people represent the visual grimace of community. Without everyones contribution people stand In isolation and Individualism.Plus even through group members can come from different scopes they work and put their deliverables digression to become equal. That Is why everyones role Is essential when on the job(p) toward the common good. T A community gives dedication and observe to the commitment of the community and irrefutable actions. The quote that we choose to represent this is Loyalty has its roots in respects, and respect is the fruit of Love by Paulo Cello. This quote means to us that loyalty comes from the respect of the community. So therefore when people are respectful they confront this through love.When a community is respected and you omit your time to it it is some other way to show love towards it and when you do this ultimately with the right counselor-at-l aw the community impart develop positively. G A community tendings, supports and loves one another to develop social grimaces. Knowing that we are social beings it is all-important(prenominal) to strengthen our social qualities. A community volition support and help each other through thick and thin. In result from all of these encounters with one another we are developing our social valuables. Just same(p) In the picture with all of the people communicating and Interacting with one another.The more than we help the more we will be able to love and foster each other and feel belonging to our social surroundings. Which overall will help what our call to be social. T A community develops value and receives true rejoicing from doing the right thing. Whether by exercising rights, opinions, or communion knowledge to understand perspectives and concepts one must develop determine to do the right thing. Our values and morals inspire us to do good and true happiness will follow our actions. Life can be considered like a ladder, at different rungs comes new experiences and new values are learned.When new values are learned and applied indoors the community or outside of it, a true sense of happiness follows from doing the right thing. And a key thing to remember Is that climbing a ladder cant be accomplished alone Instead with a community to hold and steady the ladder for you. G A community grows together and develops ones Identity, Through displaying talents and surrounding yourself with positive people you will learn more about interests. A community will teach you more about yourself than you could ever. By being with alike people to you, over time you will be able to reveal you own identity.This is part of the spiritual aspect of community and how we develop our conscious. To represent self revelation we showed this through a mirrors and the community holding them up. From the help of others to self reveal the whole community benefits and grows. T A community finds responsibility for each others happiness. The people at bottom a true community with the same values will take responsibility to make sure that everyone is having a similar feeling and understanding to take away from the experience. Kids are always full of Joy and happiness, in the first place when they re around a group of friends.They always look out for each other and pick each other up when they are done. Communities have the same responsibility as kids do for their group of friends. They have to look out for each others happiness and take responsibility that everyone is happy. G Community is very important in any case Catholics life and they are everywhere and began right at the beginning with the creation story of the Earth and go game and Eve. This includes their responsibility to have dominion of the Earth. Therefore our tree in the background of our collage represents the Garden of Eden.In fact, a tree acts as community too every part of a tree from th e bark, roots to leaves and fruit must function for the community-based structure to work properly. This sense of community is very similar to modern day communities and our need of relationships. T In conclusion, a community is a group of people in solidarity to shape the world through the common good, it is given loyalty and respect to complete these positive actions, it develops us into social beings through support, we receive happiness and values from the good, by working together we reveal our true identity and responsibility is taken for others happiness.