Ethics Essay Essay Example for Free

Ethics Essay Essay What is Ethics? It is the binding good character, being respectful, and having trustworthiness amongst others. The topics that will be touched on is the differences between morality and ethical theories. Finally, I am going to touch on my personal experiences in relation to virtue, values, and moral concepts. Morality and ethics are almost one in the same in the greater scheme of things. They both work together to make up ethical decisions by a person. For example there are five key terms that breaks down the theories; which are Consequential, Egoism, Utilitarian, Act Utilitarian, and Rule Utilitarianism. Therefore, ethical theories and moral theories are broken down into two different categories consequential and non-consequential theories. Now what is the consequential theory exactly? The consequential theories basically mean, the result of a person’s behavior can result in either morally good consequences or morally bad consequences (Manias Monroe, 2013). The breakdown can go even further; in the simplest terms morality relates to non-consequential theories and ethical decisions lead to consequential theories. For example, an ethical decision could be a police officer runs a red light, without having police sirens on; the consequence is a law abiding citizen might be further dissatisfied with the police force in the area. A moral decision is basically the action of right and wrong; which is really not a consequence. The decision of right and wrong is decided on oneself feelings about a certain scenario or person at any given time. For example, a student cheats on a test; why does he or she cheat? One may ask, is this situation right or wrong. The judgment or verdict is for you to decide, whether it is the person themselves; has good morals or not. One of the three theories that relate to me is Utilitarian. I have two children and I am always constantly trying to them to be well mannered and teach them good aspects of life. I myself always want to produce the  greatest possible good out of everything. Whether it is teaching my children something or making someone else laughs. In conclusion, ethical decisions can lead to misunderstandings and have great consequences. Moral decisions decide right and wrong. My personal experiences relating to Utilitarian theories are something that I now know about. It hoped that this explanation will help the further understanding of the subject. References Page Manias, N., Monroe, D. (2013). Ethics Applied (7th ed.). http://about.nike.com/pages/sustainability

Mating and gender of the clownfish

Mating and gender of the clownfish The Clownfish belongs to the family Pomacentridae, with many species, many belonging to the genus Amphiprion while one belongs to the Premnas genus (Godwin 1994 p 556). The fish has many colors which depend on the species. A symbiotic relationship exists between the fish and the sea anemone that offers protection to the fish due to its stinging nature. On the other hand, the fish protects the sea anemone from harm that could be caused by hard undigested particles through feeding on them. The fish spawn on the sea anemone. A fully grown dominant female may grow to a total length of 11/2 feet, while the small adult Clownfish may be as small as 4 inches. The fish thrive in the warm waters of the tropics (Maddern 1990 p 36). They are mainly found in the salty waters of the Indian Ocean and the Pacific. The excretion from the fish is a major source of nourishment for the sea anemone that absorbs the nutrients emanating from fecal matter. More over, the movements of the Clownfish in the wa ter surrounding the sea anemone, especially when fanning the eggs are significant for water circulation, which is significant for the distribution of nutrients for the nourishment of the sea anemone (Drury 2008 p 63). The Clownfish is covered by a mucus coating around its body which as Wittenrich et al. (2007 p 93) observed are derived from sugars, which is one of the factors that prevents the stinging reaction of the sea anemone as the nematocysts are triggered by the presence of protein based substances in the surrounding. The fish dwell in one sea anemone as a group, which means that several sea anemones will host different groups of fish (Godwin 1994 p 561). In other words one sea anemone is the territory of one small group of fish. Clownfish is one of the aquatic organisms whose sex remains a subject of controversy. It is generally known that the fish is capable of switching its sex. This essay is a critique of the Clownfish mating process and gender changes that occur, as well as an exploration of the different species. Gender Changes The ability to switch sex is one of the aspects that make the fish unique especially the fact that this can happen to any adult fish. Kuwamora Nakashima (1998 p 126) observe that during hatching, the fish are usually one sex, i. e, all males. The dominant male that becomes larger than all the rest during adult stage develops in to a female. None other develops in to a female so long as the dominant female is alive. The fish that follows in terms of size becomes the dominant male, while the rest remain small inactive males (Godwin 1994 p 558). These phenomena lead to the questions as to why only one of them develops in to a female and assumes the normal role female fish. Questions also arise as to why the second largest male does not undergo the same process. However, these changes point at dominance as the major determinant of the sex change. The males that remain are usually inactive and remain at the bottom of the hierarchy that is headed by the dominant female followed by the dominant male. Another interesting phenomenon is in case the dominant female dies. The dominant male undergoes a sex reversal and assumes the role of the dominant female, which starts reproducing. The death of the dominant female leads to a rearrangement of the hierarchy since the largest male in the juvenile group develops in to the dominant male and begins mating. Godwin (1994 p 558) observe that the need to fill the gap left by the reproducing female triggers the degeneration of the male organs and the development of the ovaries from the female ovary cells that remain dormant when the fish is male. This is an indication that even if the Clownfish are hatched with the male sex, there are certain dormant ovarian cells that remain standby until when need arises. There seems to be an interconnection between the physiology of the fish and the social aspects of the group. The social gap created by the death of the female is filled by the mating male; leaving another gap whereby there lacks a dominant male, which on the other hand has to be filled by a male from a lower group of males in the hierarchy. Each group of Clownfish inhabiting a particular sea anemone has got its own hierarchy, and they do not mix. This is an indication of the social bond that exists within the groups whose stability is maintained by all members (Kuwamora Nakashima 1998 p 128). It means that if the reproducing female is alive and functional, no other male regardless of the size can develop in to a female. On the other hand, no fish in the lower group can change sex to become the dominant male while one already exists. In a way, one may infer that it is due to loyalty of the lower groups to the dominant male and female that they do not change their sex or grow to a large size to outdo the fish in the upper level of the hierarchy. This is because they have the capacity to become larger and change their sex, but they do not. Maddern (1990 p 36) notes that each fish has to ensure that its body mass remain lower by a quarter of the average weight of the dominant fish, or else it may be ejected out of the grou p. This has enabled the fish to avoid any impending conflicts that may arise between the dominant group and the lower group. However, the initial vigor of development from the larvae stage determines whether the larvae will develop in to one of the dominant fish in the group. The ones that develop at a high rate have a high chance of becoming dominant. The behavior of the fish generates interest to research on the reasons behind the unique behavior. One wonders why the social aspect of the group is largely connected to their physiology. More over, how the fish regulate their size to maintain a lower body mass than the dominant fish is an important issue that needs further research. It is important to understand how they are able to determine the amount of feeds and aggressiveness that helps in the maintenance of a small size, which can only be changed when there arises a vacant position created by the death of one of the dominant fish. In order for the fish to qualify for change of sex, they have to be mature, which Tullock (1998 p 54) argues should be more than one year of age and the environment needs to be favorable for the change of sex. The environment that determines the success of the fish in changing sex is that within the social group. A favorable environment means that there has to be an opportunity for the fish to join t he dominant group. Without the absence of the female, no change of sex can occur. On the other hand, there can be a dominant female but the group may lack a dominant male, necessitating the movement of one of the fish in the lower groups to the dominant group. Maddern (1990 p 33) further notes that even if two male clownfish were put together under controlled conditions, one of them that is more dominant than the other has to become the female, while the other becomes the mating male. On the other hand, Tullock (1998 p 67) further observes that a lone crown fish will develop in to a female if allowed to develop to a full grown fish. One can therefore infer that development in to a female is dependent of other larger and fast growing fish that are likely do dominate the group. However, this applies for the smaller fish since if one small fish is allowed to grow on its own in the absence of other fish; it develops in to a female. This means that all the Clownfish are bound to become females if there are no other fish to compete with for dominance (Kuwamora Nakashima 1998 p 128). Mating amongst the Clownfish Mating in the Clownfish is usually ceremonial, which leads to spawning of eggs and fertilization. The fish engage in courtship prior to spawning. The behavior of the males changes to aggressiveness, which rises as the male approaches the actual mating. Wittenrich et al. (2007 p 95) observes that the male usually turns its aggressiveness towards the substrate beneath the water. On the other hand, the female joins in there after, leaving both sexes charging towards the substrate. This is the period that is regarded as courtship (Wilkerson 2003 p 66). This aggressive behavior continues until the final days prior to mating when it becomes more intense. They even become aggressive towards other fish that come close to the mating area. The courtship, as Godwin (1994 p 551) observe is usually brief and involves certain pretentious behavior of the female to attract the male and vise versa. The sea anemone plays a significant role during mating and spawning of eggs. Both fish take part in the clearance of debris and any other solid particles that may interfere with the eggs. The female later lays the eggs on the selected side of the sea anemone. They usually find the softest substrate that is favorable for the delicate eggs. The fish usually pinch one of the tentacles of the sea anemone, which makes it retract as a reaction to the nip. The tentacle settles at the selected spawning area by the female. Before laying the eggs, the female makes certain that it is the most appropriate area to spawn by making some trials that are simi1ar to laying eggs but not real. The actual laying of eggs usually comes later after ensuring that the environment is favorable. Maddern (1990 p 39) observed that the eggs are usually sticky in nature, and that they can not float on water. They stick on the substrate and the male swims closely behind as the female lays the eggs. After completing spawning of eggs for a period of 2 hours, the male is usually ready to shed the sperms to fertilize them. The fertilized eggs remain stuck on the soft substrate, where both fish offer protection against intruders who might cause harm. With the exhaustion from spawning, the female gets to feeding while the male is left to shield the eggs fr om attack. Hoff (1996 p 86) observes that the male is usually highly aggressive in defending the nest. More over, the male is also involved in aerating the eggs through flapping its fins. It also selects and eats the infected eggs that may not have a chance to survive. Any matter that falls on the eggs is removed by the male. In other words, the male is usually very active through out mating and after the eggs have been laid to the time that the larvae will be hatched. The female can shed up to more than 2000 eggs in one spawning season. However, the number of eggs usually depends on the size of the reproducing female. The larger the female the more the eggs it can produce (Tullock 1998 p 63). This could also be another reason as to why the large males are the ones that change in to dominant females. The mating area is also a determinant of the survival of the eggs and the strength of the fry. Wilkerson (2003 p 68) observes that it is important for the aquaculture of Clown fish to be practiced carefully to avoid mixing the species in one area whereby they are likely to stress each other. Different species are unlikely to survive together since they will constantly fight injuring each other, which is likely to make them unable to lay eggs. In controlled conditions, the presence of a sea anemone makes the environment more like the natural environment, which facilitates spawning. The fish under go the normal process of mating, laying eggs and taking care of them as they would do in the wild. However, this would require an extra task of raising the sea anemone and maintaining it while on the other hand maintaining the fish. It may be a costly venture to undertake in aquaculture. However, it is not mandatory to have the sea anemone for the Clownfish to mate and spawn in controlled conditions. The fish can also spawn in rocks whose ruggedness offers hiding places. However, the same characteristic as in the wild whereby the fish cleans the substrate on the surfaces where the eggs are laid occurs during mating under controlled conditions. Hoff (1996 p 89) observes that the mature and ready to mate Clownfish usually tend to scrub rocks with the mouth as well as fins, in a similar way as the way they clean the substrate to have a clean ground for laying eggs. The eggs get stuck to the eggs where they get fertilized by the male that swims after the female. The fish that are satisfied with the artificial environment, i. e. that which is almost similar to the natural environment are likely to lay more healthy eggs (Wilkerson 2003 p 66). Species of Clownfish There are many fish species of Clownfish which differ mainly in color as well as in many other aspects such as the structure of the fins. For example, the Amphiprion percula is one of the species of Clownfish that has a characteristic extended level band at the central point of its body. The fish is also referred to as the anemone fish, which has a distinct orange color. It also possesses some black marks as well as white strips on the fins. The structure of the dorsal fin is one of the distinguishable characteristics as it possesses 10 spines (Maddern 1990 p 61). The species is known to reproduce through out the year since it inhabits the warmer regions that are favorab3le for breeding. The fish live in groups of 6, including the dormant males. The hierarchy of the group is that of the typical Clownfish, and it exhibits all the other characteristics of the Clownfish such as change of sex. The Amphiprion clarkii is also one of the hardy Clown fishes that are highly resistant to diseases. They come in diverse colors such as yellow, white, grey and brown. These colors are also diverse on the fins and the tail, while it is missing in others. The fish are recommended for aquariums due to their hardiness as they do not need specialized care. Amphiprion ocellaris is also one of the species with distinct characteristics such as black stripes on the fins as well as an elongated dorsal fin (Tullock 1998 p 65). Premnas biaculeatus has a reddish color on their body which tends to be more inclined towards brown in some fish within the species. They have white strips along their spine. These colors are distinct from most of the other fish species. Amphiprion frenatus is a species in which juveniles tend to be dark red and black as they develop in to adults. Amphiprion sandarcinos, Amphiprion perideraion, Amphiprion frenatus and Amphiprion melanopus are also among the many species o f Clownfish that can be differentiated especially through the color of their bodies (Wittenrich et al 2007 p 95). Conclusion Clownfish is one of the hardy fish species that inhabit the warm areas of sea, such as the Indian Ocean as well as the Pacific Ocean. They belong to the genus Amphiprion, and are greatly colored, which makes them good for ornamental aquaculture. In the wild, the fish usually live in groups that demonstrate a hierarchical association. The highest in the hierarchy is usually the reproducing female, which are the dominant and the largest fish in a group. The fish have a rare behavior of changing sex depending on need. The larvae are usually male, but they are capable of developing in to females. Only the dominant and largest male develops in to a female, while the second largest male in the group develops in to the mating males. The only time that there can be a change in the hierarchical structure is when the female is eliminated from the group through death, leading the mating male to become the female and the larger male in the lower level of the hierarchy to become the mating male ( Drury 2008 p 63). The mating of the Clownfish takes place without complications. The sea anemone is highly supportive to the existence of the Clownfish. It offers protection through its poisonous stings to the predators. The Clownfish is not taken as a predator by the sea anemone because of the mucus covering on its body that comprises of sugars. The relationship between the sea anemone and the Clownfish is usually symbiotic, whereby each derives some advantage from the other. There are many species of Clown fish that can be distinguished through their body color as well as the body structure. However, they exhibit a similar behavior (Maddern 1990 p 41).

Lead Toxicity in Children Essay -- Lead Poisoning Health Medical Essay

Lead Toxicity in Children Lead poisoning in children was first discovered in 1890 in Queensland, Australia. The lead source was not identified until 1904, when a researcher traced it to the paint used on railings and verandahs. The first discovery of lead poisoning in the United States (with a traceable source) was in 1914; the child had chewed the paint off of his crib. At this time they linked lead poisoning as a cause of convulsions in children. As research progressed and more children were found with high lead levels, symptoms caused by lead were expanded to include lead meningitis, acute encephalopathy, intellectual dullness, reduced consciousness, seizures, comas, and death (Chisholm, 1982). Lead is a metal found virtually everywhere even today. Sources of lead include auto body shops, electric storage batteries, glazes for china dishes, crockery, insecticides, electric cable insulation, hose, pipe, sheet and floor coverings. Lead is associated with stain glass work, jewelry making and antique ceramic doll painting. Although lead in paint was outlawed, there are still many homes that have lead paint (White et al, 1990). Lead found in gasoline was found in one study to account for 23--27% of the lead blood levels in the people tested (Wagner, 1991). This exposure to lead sources is more of a concern for children due to the characteristic habit of children to taste everything they touch; this characteristic is known as pica. Children are also in closer contact with their lead polluted environment during play. They are more active and exposed to outdoor contaminates and they inhale dust and dirt that are lead contaminated. Furthermore, the adsorption rate of lead in the dig estive tract is up to 10 times greater in chil... ...inical to Subtle Health Effects. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 86, 1990, pp.177-181. Markowitz, M. and Rosen, J. Need for the Lead Mobilization Test in Children with Lead Poisoning. The Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 119, No. 2, August 1991, pp. 305-310. McCabe Jr., M. and Lawrence, D. Lead, A Major Environmental Pollutant, Is Immunomodulatory by Its Differential Effects on CD4+ T Cell Subsets. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 111, 1991, pp. 13-23. Singhal, R. L., and Thomas, J. A. Lead Toxicity. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Baltimore-Munich, 1980. Wagner, H. M. Recent Trends In Human Lead Exposure. New Horizons in Biological Dosimetry, 1991, pp. 179-186. White, R., Feldman, R., and Travers, P. Neurobehavioral Effects of Toxicity Due to Metals, Solvents, and Insecticides. Clinical Neuropharmacology, Vol. 13, No. 5, 1990, pp. 392-412. Lead Toxicity in Children Essay -- Lead Poisoning Health Medical Essay Lead Toxicity in Children Lead poisoning in children was first discovered in 1890 in Queensland, Australia. The lead source was not identified until 1904, when a researcher traced it to the paint used on railings and verandahs. The first discovery of lead poisoning in the United States (with a traceable source) was in 1914; the child had chewed the paint off of his crib. At this time they linked lead poisoning as a cause of convulsions in children. As research progressed and more children were found with high lead levels, symptoms caused by lead were expanded to include lead meningitis, acute encephalopathy, intellectual dullness, reduced consciousness, seizures, comas, and death (Chisholm, 1982). Lead is a metal found virtually everywhere even today. Sources of lead include auto body shops, electric storage batteries, glazes for china dishes, crockery, insecticides, electric cable insulation, hose, pipe, sheet and floor coverings. Lead is associated with stain glass work, jewelry making and antique ceramic doll painting. Although lead in paint was outlawed, there are still many homes that have lead paint (White et al, 1990). Lead found in gasoline was found in one study to account for 23--27% of the lead blood levels in the people tested (Wagner, 1991). This exposure to lead sources is more of a concern for children due to the characteristic habit of children to taste everything they touch; this characteristic is known as pica. Children are also in closer contact with their lead polluted environment during play. They are more active and exposed to outdoor contaminates and they inhale dust and dirt that are lead contaminated. Furthermore, the adsorption rate of lead in the dig estive tract is up to 10 times greater in chil... ...inical to Subtle Health Effects. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 86, 1990, pp.177-181. Markowitz, M. and Rosen, J. Need for the Lead Mobilization Test in Children with Lead Poisoning. The Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 119, No. 2, August 1991, pp. 305-310. McCabe Jr., M. and Lawrence, D. Lead, A Major Environmental Pollutant, Is Immunomodulatory by Its Differential Effects on CD4+ T Cell Subsets. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 111, 1991, pp. 13-23. Singhal, R. L., and Thomas, J. A. Lead Toxicity. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Baltimore-Munich, 1980. Wagner, H. M. Recent Trends In Human Lead Exposure. New Horizons in Biological Dosimetry, 1991, pp. 179-186. White, R., Feldman, R., and Travers, P. Neurobehavioral Effects of Toxicity Due to Metals, Solvents, and Insecticides. Clinical Neuropharmacology, Vol. 13, No. 5, 1990, pp. 392-412.

Me :: essays research papers

I read the essay â€Å"Anorexia Nervosa† by Nancie Brosseau, it is a true story of her battle with anorexia and how looking just right pushed her too far. Body image is a growing epidemic in society among girls and even boys. Everywhere you go, I think the perception of looking a certain way and being a certain size is faced. Teens will push themselves as far as they possibly can until they look just right and even after they get there, they are so controlled by it all, that they can’t stop.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story is about a fourteen-year-old girl who decides that she wants to lose weight. It starts off with her only wanting to lose about ten pounds. But when she realizes how good and freeing it was to lose the weight, she wants to lose more. She starts to lose large amounts of weight, and because of this her body starts to change dramatically. Brosseau describes what the eating disorder did to her body, how it changed everything physically and mentally about her body and her mind. It changed the appearance of her body from head to toe. The disorder made her so weak and brittle that her bones would break instantly when she did something. I think the most wrenching thing she described was when she could see her heart beating through her shirt.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story Brosseau also describes about what the disorder did to her mind, and the games it played with her. Anorexia caused her to lie, sneak around, and become depressed. She would lie to her parents, teachers, doctors, and even herself. She would have to force herself to throw her food away and make up excuses on how she had already eaten. Brosseau would have to sneak around behind the backs of people she loved and hurt them, all because of what the disorder was doing to her. I think the worst effect the disorder caused was the how depressed it caused Brosseau to be. It brought her to such a low that she had no clue what she was doing to her body. The extent she was going to just to make herself look and feel a certain way. It pushed her to punish herself for being the size she was and made her beat herself up for it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anorexia is a serious disorder; I think everyone has their own views on what

Technicolor Styles Essay -- Music Analysis

From humble, shy beginnings, the singer-songwriter Adam Young, now most famed for his project known as Owl City, has risen to become a well-renowned techno-pop artist. Young’s career as a musician and lyricist began in his home in Owatonna, Minnesota, where he worked on composing lyrics and sounds in his parents’ basement as a side hobby after a day of work at the Coca-Cola warehouse (Bonham). He initially posted his products of creativity and inspiration on Myspace in 2007, sharing the works that came to be part of his self-released Owl City EP known as Of June (Universal Music Publishing Group). His full-length debut as Owl City came in 2008, when Young digitally released his album, Maybe I’m Dreaming (Universal Music Publishing Group). Young’s popularity spread much further with the release of Owl City’s first official album, Ocean Eyes, in 2009 (Universal Music Publishing Group), and the album’s single, â€Å"Fireflies,† reached th e Billboard’s number one spot twice during its initial release (Sisario). In an interview with Chad Bonham from Whole Notes, Young revealed the inspiration he receives from his self-proclaimed â€Å"anti-social† lifestyle and his Christian faith in his songwriting (Bonham). Young’s music has reached thousands of fans, both in the United States and in other parts of the world as well (Sisario). From mellow melodies to catchy rhythms, Young’s sound has captured the fervor of fans all over the nation. Yet, as popular as his sound is, the words of Adam Young’s songs are of equal merit and creativity. The words and messages of these songs alone convey the variety with which Young composes. Such songs as the romantic works â€Å"On the Wing† and â€Å"If My Heart Was a House,† the inspiring works â€Å"This Is the Future† and â€Å"G... ...d. Web. 16 May 2012. Sisario, Ben. â€Å"From Mom’s Basement to the Top of the Chart.† New York Times on the Web. 20 Nov. 2009. 16 May 2012. Young, Adam. â€Å"Dental Care.† Ocean Eyes. Universal Republic Records. 2009. Young, Adam. â€Å"Galaxies.† All Things Bright and Beautiful. Universal Republic Records. 2011. Young, Adam. â€Å"If My Heart Was a House.† Ocean Eyes: Deluxe Edition. Universal Republic Records. 2009. Young, Adam. â€Å"On the Wing.† Maybe I’m Dreaming. Universal Republic Records. 2008. Young, Adam. â€Å"Plant Life.† All Things Bright and Beautiful. Universal Republic Records. 2011. Young, Adam. â€Å"This Is the Future.† Maybe I’m Dreaming. Universal Republic Records. 2008.

Orwell vs. King Essay

After reading pieces of literature from both George Orwell and Martin Luther King, the pieces of literature were wrote about thirteen years apart therefore they used very different methods, perspectives, and purposes.. Martin Luther King uses allusions and a variety of indirect insults where he states nation flaws but does not direct them towards someone directly. Orwell uses more themes, morality plays, myths and metaphors. As Kings purpose is to inform the audience that they are aware of the injustice going on, and Orwell is entertaining the audience with such interesting and rare short nolvels. In the well known speech â€Å"I Have a Dream† by Martin Luther King, he used plenty of allusions when he refers back to the common phrases such as â€Å"Five score years ago†, â€Å"One hundred year ago† refer to the past. He mentions a part from the constitution where all men should be created equal he implied it by saying â€Å"I have a dream that one day this natio n will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal†. In the quote he states how all men are suppose to be treated equal but black man aren’t being treated equal because of their skin color. Martin Luther King also brings up God when he states â€Å"Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God’s children† He is making it an allusion by bring up God and stating that that is what God would want. That the children would want to be recognized as equal because that’s how God made them, no matter the color of their skin they are all equal. On the other hand, George Orwell uses a lot more themes such as imperlisim and conqueror or conquering. These two themes are shown in the writing â€Å"Shooting An Elephant† in where he wants to fit in to a society where the only way to conquer that is to shoot an insane elephant that escaped, as much as he didn’t want to do it due his values and morals he did it to look good in front of the village and the citizens. He kept repeating the word â€Å"mus t† as if he was being forced by the people just for him to fit in. In the writing â€Å"How the Poor Die† Orwell uses plenty of detail when he describes the room, the people, and the treatments they practice on them. For example, the way he described the room was â€Å"..Ill-lit room, full of murmuring voiced with three rows of beds surprisingly close together. There was a foul smell, faecal and yet sweetish†. He described the people not by names but by numbers as they did at the hospital that sounded more like a practice lab in which the doctor and students examined the patients to see what was wrong, the people with the worst and rare illnesses got the most attention because those were the most interesting cases. The people with common cases were left in abundance to die without treatment of attention. As you may noticed both men use different methods but you also have to keep in mind that the writings are used with two different perspectives and purposes. Martin Luther King gives a much deeper emotional and touching tone and feeling because he was actually living it at the moment the speech was given, he saw how the African American people were being treated hoe they were segregated and treated unequal to the rest of society. Therefore, the speech gives the reader a totally different feel. George Orwell writes with more detail but also with the purpose of entertaining the reader. With the writing â€Å"How the Poor Die† he definitely conquered the purpose of entertaining because he kept the reader attached to the reading with the detailing yet very unique writing. He lets his imagination run which makes the readers keep reading because he uses such creative stories that no reader could even imagine in reading. Both men write different, although they were written about thirteen years ago, they were both written with different purposes. One to entertain and the other to inform, Martin Luther King makes the readers and audience comprehend how they are aware of the treatment given and how the nation has not kept its promise about all men being created equal. While Orwell uses his creative mind to form short novels that make him as a person a lot more interesting and adds spice to his work.

Mission and philosophy of an organization

1. The â€Å"mission statement describes an organization’s basic purpose, while the vision is a short, succinct, and inspiring statement of what the organization intends to become and to achieve at some point in the future, often stated in competitive terms† (Hannagan, 1998, pp. 125-26). Our organizational mission echoed a commitment of somewhat a wholisitic health care service as it includes the healing not of the body only but of the mind and spirit. It transcends beyond the usual kind of service provided by other healthcare professionals and organizations. The commitment of healing the spirit is beyond the realm of professional knowledge and experience of health care professionals and providers. Health care providers may be of help in healing the spirit of the patient but cannot directly provide the service and the process. The vision statement on the other hand does not support this purpose of the organization evident by its emphasis on compassionate and excellent service – skills which can be learned and developed by most health care professionals through proper professional training and schooling. The vision statement anchored its commitment on the core competencies and professional capabilities of the people in the organization. On the aspect of the similarities of the mission and vision statements, both echoed a commitment to serve the community. Both echoed a quality of healthcare service that is anchored on commitment and cooperation. The mission and vision statement also reflected the unity of the people in the organization to serve the community and its patients. Also, both the mission and vision statement further showed the failure to recognize the contribution and importance of the people in the organization in relation to the attainment of the mission and vision of the company. The organizational mission statement is just merely descriptive of what the community can expect from the health care service of the organization, thus it does not function to inspire or guide the people in the organization. The vision statement too does not reflect something that would inspire and make people look forward to their future in the organization. Both failed to really articulate a statement according to its intended purpose. 2. The mission and vision statement has influenced my practice as a nurse as it raised my awareness of the goal of the organization to deliver compassionate and excellent health care service to help improve the health of the community. The mission statement made me realized that our responsibility of healing is not just on the physical aspect of the patient but including the mental and spiritual aspects of the patient in order that we can help improve our community’s health. Guided by these goals, I was able to view responsibilities to my patient beyond their physical aspect, however, it also made me concerned if I could be of help in restoring the soundness of the spirit of the person. I may have all the professional training and knowledge in my job but this does not guarantee that if applied it can also help heal the spirit of the patient. This goal put me into quandary on the ethical considerations if faced with a situation where my own personal beliefs might interfere in the healing process of the spirit of the person. The process of helping heal the spirit of the patient might make me subjective rather than objective in my job.   Also, as an employee both the mission and vision statement negatively impacted on my view of my future in the organization because both do not reflect organizational aspirations for the people which I considered very important.. I am aware of my responsibility to the community and to the organization I am serving, but the organization should also be aware of the needs and aspirations of the people who will make the organization mission and vision possible. The content of the mission and vision statements of the organization must inspire and guide people. 3. Our organization’s vision (philosophy) statement falls short on some important aspect of its function. Accordingly, the vision of the organization refers to the category of intentions that are broad, all-intrusive and forward-thinking. The organizational vision statement describes aspirations for the future, without specifying the means that will be used to achieve those desired ends. Our organization’s vision does not clearly reflect and define the future to stimulate. Our organizational vision defined the character and identity of the people in the organization however, the way the organizational vision is stated does not reflect on what the organization aspires to become, to achieve, to create – something that will require significant change that will challenge people to attain progress and professional advancement. It does not provide encouragement to grow with the organization. The organizational vision only state the present being and identity but it does not so much reflect where it is going to be in the next years to come. A dynamic organization should reflect aspirations to improve and change according to the demands of the ever-changing environment. Above all, the organizational vision should also be consistent with the organizational mission as the latter dictates the courses of action in the organization while the former identifies the strategies to take to attain the organization’s purpose (mission). 4.   My suggestion is to state the mission and vision statement in a manner consistent with each other and should reflect on the core competencies of the organization and the people in the organization. On this manner the people in the organization will be able to really deliver a quality of service that shows highest degree of professionalism, compassion, and excellence. The organization can also strengthen its competitive edge by capitalizing on the professional skills and competencies of its people. Through this approach a brand of service that is second to none in professionalism, integrity, dignity and excellence will be achieved and people are likewise provided the opportunity to apply their skills and fullest potential to the organization and the community. Reference List Hannagan, T. (2000). Management: Concepts and practices (2nd ed). Great Britain: Pearson Education Limited.